pg
瑞兹 发表于 2020-11-06 09:05浏览次数：
在类似Unix的操作系统上，pg命令显示文本文件的内容，一次显示一页。
On Unix-like operating systems, the pg command displays the contents of text files, one page at a time.
目录：
1 pg 运行系统环境
2 pg 描述
3 pg 语法
4 pg 例子
pg 运行系统环境
pg 描述
pg显示一个文本文件，在每个“页面”（终端屏幕的高度）之后暂停。每页之后都会显示一个提示。然后，用户可以按换行键以查看下一页，也可以按下面所述的键之一。
如果在命令行上没有给出文件名，pg从标准输入中读取。如果标准输出不是终端，则pg的行为类似于cat，但如果有多个文件，则在每个文件之前加上其名称。
如果输入来自pipe，则pg在读取数据时会将数据存储在缓冲区文件中，以使导航成为可能。
pg displays a text file, pausing after each "page" (the height of the terminal screen). After each page, a prompt is displayed. The user may then either press the newline key to view the next page or one of the keys described below.
If no file name is given on the command line, pg reads from standard input. If standard output is not a terminal, pg acts like cat but precedes each file with its name if there is more than one.
If input comes from a pipe, pg stores the data in a buffer file while reading to make navigation possible.
pg 语法
pg [-number] [-p string] [-cefnrs] [+line] [+/pattern/] [file...]
选件
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-number
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每页的行数。通常，这是CRT线的数量减去一。
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-C
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如果终端的terminfo条目提供此功能，请在显示页面之前清除屏幕。
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-e
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不要暂停并在文件末尾显示“（EOF）”。
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-F
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不要分开长行。
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-n
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如果没有此选项，则命令必须以换行符终止。使用此选项，一旦输入命令字母，pg就会前进。
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-p string
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将显示字符串，而不是通常的提示“ ： ” 。如果字符串包含“ ％d ”，则它的第一个匹配项将替换为当前页面的编号。
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-r
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禁止外壳逃脱。
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-s
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如果终端的terminfo条目提供此功能，则以突出模式打印消息。
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+number
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从给定的行开始。
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+ /pattern/
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从包含给定的基本正则表达式 模式的行开始。
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指令
在提示符下可以输入以下命令。我前面的命令接受一个数字作为正数或负数。如果此参数以+或-开头，则相对于输入文件中的当前位置解释，否则相对于开头解释。
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i
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显示下一页或指示的页面。
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ið，^ d
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显示下一页。如果给出i，则总是相对于当前位置进行解释。
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iI
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显示下一行或指示的行。
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iF
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向前跳过一页，我必须为正数，并且始终相对于当前位置进行解释。
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iW，iz
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表现为，除了我变成新页面大小。
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.，^ L
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重画屏幕。
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$
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前进到输入文件的最后一行。
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i/pattern/
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向前搜索，直到找到第一个或第i个基本正则表达式模式。搜索在当前页面之后开始，并在文件末尾停止。没有执行环绕操作，我必须为正数。
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i? pattern？，i^pattern^
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向后搜索，直到找到第一个或第i个基本正则表达式模式。搜索在当前页面之前开始，并在文件的开头停止。没有执行环绕操作，我必须为正数。
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搜索命令接受添加的字母。如果指定了t，则包含模式的行将显示在屏幕顶部，这是默认设置。m选择屏幕的中部，b选择屏幕的底部。所选位置也用于后续搜索。
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iñ
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前进到下一个文件或我前进的文件。
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ip
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重新读取先前的文件或向后读取i个文件。
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s file name
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将当前文件保存为给定的文件名。
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H
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显示命令摘要。
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！command
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使用外壳执行命令。
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q，Q
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放弃。
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如果在pg从输入文件读取或在终端上写入时用户按下中断或退出键，pg将立即显示提示。在所有其他情况下，这些键将终止pg。
环境变量
以下环境变量会影响pg的行为：
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COLUMNS
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如果设置，将覆盖系统提供的列数。
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LANG，LC_ALL，LC_COLLATE，LC_CTYPE，LC_MESSAGES
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特定于语言环境的变量。
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LINES
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覆盖系统提供的行数（如果已设置）。
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SHELL
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使用了！命令。
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TERM
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确定终端类型。
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pg [-number] [-p string] [-cefnrs] [+line] [+/pattern/] [file...]
Options
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-number
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The number of lines per page. Usually, this is the number of CRT lines minus one.
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-c
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Clear the screen before a page is displayed, if the terminfo entry for the terminal provides this capability.
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-e
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Do not pause and display "(EOF)" at the end of a file.
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-f
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Do not split long lines.
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-n
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Without this option, commands must be terminated by a newline character. With this option, pg advances once a command letter is entered.
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-p string
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Instead of the normal prompt ":", string is displayed. If string contains "%d", its first occurrence is replaced by the number of the current page.
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-r
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Disallow the shell escape.
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-s
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Print messages in standout mode, if the terminfo entry for the terminal provides this capability.
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+number
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Start at the given line.
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+/pattern/
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Start at the line containing the Basic Regular Expression pattern given.
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Commands
The following commands may be entered at the prompt. Commands preceded by i accept a number as argument, positive or negative. If this argument starts with + or -, it is interpreted relative to the current position in the input file, otherwise relative to the beginning.
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i
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Display the next or the indicated page.
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id, ^D
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Display the next half page. If i is given, it is always interpreted relative to the current position.
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il
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Display the next or the indicated line.
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if
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Skip a page forward, i must be a positive number and is always interpreted relative to the current position.
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iw, iz
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Behave asexcept that i becomes the new page size.
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., ^L
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Redraw the screen.
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$
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Advance to the last line of the input file.
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i/pattern/
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Search forward until the first or the i-th occurrence of the Basic Regular Expression pattern is found. The search starts after the current page and stops at the end of the file. No wrap-around is performed, i must be a positive number.
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i?pattern?, i^pattern^
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Search backward until the first or the i-th occurrence of the Basic Regular Expression pattern is found. The search starts before the current page and stops at the beginning of the file. No wrap-around is performed, i must be a positive number.
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The search commands accept an added letter. If t is given, the line containing the pattern is displayed at the top of the screen, which is the default. m selects the middle and b the bottom of the screen. The selected position is used in following searches, too.
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in
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Advance to the next file or i files forward.
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ip
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Reread the previous file or i files backward.
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s file name
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Save the current file to the given file name.
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h
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Display a command summary.
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!command
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Execute command using the shell.
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q, Q
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Quit.
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If the user presses the interrupt or quit key while pg reads from the input file or writes on the terminal, pg will immediately display the prompt. In all other situations these keys will terminate pg.
Environment Variables
The following environment variables affect the behaviour of pg:
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COLUMNS
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Overrides the system-supplied number of columns if set.
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LANG, LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES
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Locale-specific variables.
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LINES
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Overrides the system-supplied number of lines if set.
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SHELL
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Used by the ! command.
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TERM
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Determines the terminal type.
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pg 例子
pg myfile.txt
显示文本文件myfile.txt的第一屏内容，并显示提示（“ ： ”）。按Return键将显示下一页，或者可以输入上面列出的任何命令以其他方式浏览文件。
pg myfile.txt
Displays the first screenful of the contents of text file myfile.txt, and a prompt (":"). Pressing the Return key displays the next page, or any of the command listed above may be entered to otherwise navigate the file.